Mammography
An X-ray of the breast, called a mammogram, is the best way to detect breast tumors early. And if a tumor is detected when it’s smaller than one centimeter, the survival rate approaches 100 percent. A mammogram can:
- Show breast tissue changes that could represent early signs of cancer
- Find abnormalities too small to be felt, even by an experienced physician
- Most often reveal good news
- Give you peace of mind
- Help determine whether surgery is necessary
Cancer is scary. But most mammograms turn out negative, so try not to worry. And especially, don’t let your concern keep you from scheduling a mammogram.
Who should have a mammogram?
- Women 40 and older should have one every year, according to the American Cancer Society, the National Cancer Institute, and the American College of Radiology.
- Many doctors recommend that all women be tested once they reach a certain age.
- A woman and her physician have the authority to decide on how often a mammogram is needed based on the woman’s risk factors, such as family history of breast cancer.
What happens during a mammogram?
A mammogram is a quick process that only creates short-term, mild discomfort. The radiological technologist is specially trained make you comfortable.
Arrive about 15 minutes before your scheduled appointment. First, you’ll be asked to put on a hospital gown that fastens in the front. Your breasts will then be placed between two X-ray plates and compressed. This might be slightly uncomfortable, but it’s important for a clearer x-ray.
For most people, a screening mammogram includes two views of each breast. But occasionally, it’s necessary to get more views as a precaution. Don’t be alarmed. We encourage you to talk to the technologist at the time of your mammogram about any questions or concerns you may have.
Are there any additional ways to detect lumps in my breast?
In addition to having an annual mammogram, you should perform regular self exams. We recommend choosing between step one and step two, depending on which step is more comfortable for you. Then, we recommend choosing between steps three and four.
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Step 1
In the shower, raise one arm and place the flat part of your fingers (not tips) on your breast. Use your left hand for your right breast, right hand for left breast. Feel for thickenings, lumps or changes as you firmly guide your hand using one of the methods below. Use the same method each time. Also examine your armpit. Use this procedure for both breasts. |
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Step 2
Lie flat with a towel under your right shoulder and your right arm over your head. Firmly move your fingers using the same technique you used in the shower. Examine your armpit. Repeat for your left breast. |
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Use one of these three patterns when examining your breasts. When examining, gently squeeze both nipples and look for any discharge.
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Step 3
In front of a mirror, press your arms forward as you clasp your head. Look for any changes, like puckering, dimpling, or changes in skin texture. |
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Step 4
Again using the mirror, pull your shoulders and elbows forward as you press your hands on your hips and lean slightly toward the mirror. Examine your breasts for changes. |
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